Know About Different Types of Solar Panels!
Solar panels are popular in the UK when shifting to renewable energy resources. As a matter of fact, in the UK, electricity production from solar PV has increased significantly. However, most people still need to learn that different types of solar panels are available on the market.
In this article, I will explain the types of solar panels in detail so that you can choose the option that best suits your needs.
Quick Overview: What is a Solar Panel?
Solar panels, by harnessing sunlight and converting it into usable energy, offer a sustainable solution for heating and electricity. The sun’s potential to produce energy in 24 hours that the entire population can consume for 27 years is a staggering fact.
This is why, when considering sustainable practices, installing solar panels should be the first thing that comes to mind. By choosing solar panels, you’re not just saving on your energy bills, but also making a significant contribution to the environment.
Types of Solar Panels
Understanding the variety of solar panels available on the market is empowering. Each type, whether it’s monocrystalline, polycrystalline, thin-film, or hybrid, has its unique characteristics and benefits.
By knowing these, you can confidently choose the solar panel that best suits your needs, whether it’s for cost-effectiveness, energy efficiency, or environmental impact.
Based on material, there are the following types of solar panels:
1. Hybrid Solar Panels
Hybrid solar panels combine photovoltaic (PV) and thermal technologies. When exposed to sunlight, PV cells in these panels energise electrons, creating an electric charge collected by solar panel wiring before being converted to direct current (DC) for transmission to an inverter that powers up battery storage systems.
When your battery is fully charged, it provides electricity to your home during power outages or faults. Any excess electricity stored is transmitted back through your electric metre to your utility power grid system and compensated accordingly, helping offset your bill with credit amounts owed from previous months.
Overall, hybrid solar systems are highly energy efficient, boasting up to 23% efficiency. Furthermore, these cost-effective systems can significantly lower energy bills while positively helping the environment.
Estimated Cost: £400 to £500
2. Monocrystalline Solar Panel
Monocrystalline solar panels consist of monocrystalline solar cells crafted from cylindrical silicon ingots composed of single-crystal silicon with enough room for electrons to flow freely for efficient electricity flow. During manufacturing, these ingots are cut to form wafer-forming cells. To maximise utility even further, circular wafers are cut into octagonal-shaped ones for more excellent utility.
Let’s examine how a monocrystalline panel operates. When exposed to sunlight, cells absorb its energy through an intricate process that generates an electric field. This leads to power generation by adhering to the general equation P = V x I, which converts it to DC (direct current) and AC (alternate current) powering devices.
However, an inverter will be necessary to convert energy from solar panels into alternate current. Monocrystalline solar efficiency ratings range between 17% and 20% compared to hybrid panels, and their life expectancies can span 20–30 years, making these panels costly.
Estimated Cost: £250 to £400
3. Thin-film Solar Panel
A thin-film solar panel is the cheapest among the other solar panels. These panels use thin layers of photovoltaic material in their design, making them flexible. They can come in single layers as well as multiple layers. They are easy to install and have aesthetic appeal.
Overall, thin-film solar panels are a great option if you want affordability but remember that their efficiency rating lies between 7 and 13%.
Also, their lifespan is comparatively shorter than that of other types of solar panels, which are 10–20 years. Plus, it will acquire more roof space to provide efficient performance at its fullest.
Estimated Cost: £200 to £250
4. Polycrystalline Solar Panel
The polycrystalline panels can be easily identified by the square-shaped look of the cells and the shiny blue colour with straight edges. Their manufacturing involves melting multiple raw silicon crystals, making them different from monocrystalline panels. Unlike monocrystalline panels, they can tolerate higher temperatures and are less expensive.
However, the downfall is that it has a lower efficiency rating than monocrystalline panels, which is just 17–15%. Plus, their life span is shorter than that of monocrystalline panels but higher than that of thin solar panels, which are 30–40 years old.
Estimated Cost: £225 to £250
Based on the generation of technology, the types of solar panels are the following:
Now that we’ve covered the types of solar panels based on their material let’s delve into the types of solar panels based on their generation.
This structured approach will help you navigate the information more easily and understand the evolution of solar panel technology.
1st Generation Solar Panels
The first generation of solar panels consists of:
- Monocrystalline solar panels (discussed above)
- Polycrystalline solar panels (discussed above)
2nd Generation Solar Panels
The second generation of solar panels consists of:
- Thin Film Solar Panel (Discussed Above)
- Amorphous Silicon
Amorphous Silicon
Amorphous silicon solar panels are 2nd generation solar panels made up of silicon-based photovoltaic technology, like common types of solar panels. However, the difference is that it does not consist of solar cells.
Unlike solar cells composed of layered crystalline silicon wafers, amorphous panels comprise layers of non-crystalline silicon on thin substrates like glass, plastic, or metal.
It makes its activity versatile and perfect for numerous applications, including outdoor lights, portable speakers, calculators, and off-grid with low energy needs.
3rd Generation Solar Panels
The third-generation solar panel consists of the following:
Concentrated PV Cell
Concentrated PV cell solar panels are widely considered the most efficient panel type, boasting efficiency ratings of up to 41%. Unfortunately, their usage requires complex operations and higher installation costs than other panel options.
Biohybrid Solar Cell
Biohybrid solar cell panels may reach 100% efficiency. Their development continues, as these solar cells comprise organic and inorganic materials to facilitate photosynthesis.
Cadmium Telluride Solar Cell, or CdTe
CdTe (Cadmium Telluride Solar Cell) is an efficient solar technology that uses a thin film of CdTe to convert sunlight into electricity. Compared with traditional silicon-based solar cells, its advantages include being more light-absorbing and capable of electricity generation even under lower-light conditions.
Furthermore, their lower manufacturing costs make them increasingly popular in renewable energy industry applications.
Other Common Types of Solar Panels are Found in the UK
Bi-Facial Solar Panels
Bi-Facial Solar Panels are innovative double-sided solar panels that harness solar energy from both sides. Available in both monocrystalline and polycrystalline designs, these flexible modules meet various needs by simultaneously producing energy from both sides. Their frameless dual-glass modules ensure optimal power production from either side.
Bi-Facial Solar Panels represent an exciting breakthrough in solar technology. By collecting sunlight on both their front and back surfaces, these solar panels optimise energy production, making them highly cost-effective while remaining highly efficient and effective.
Their design also allows for consistent power supply even under low-light conditions, ensuring consistent generation and power delivery.
Double Glazed Solar Panel
The Double-Glazed Solar Panel Design is an excellent choice for those seeking a more affordable solar panel unit. Over time, the components of cheaper solar panels tend to detach from one another, posing a significant problem.
However, opting for the double-glazed solar panel eliminates this concern, as they are not susceptible to delamination and are remarkably more straightforward to clean. This innovative design ensures a longer lifespan and enhanced performance, making it a wise investment for any solar energy enthusiast.
Cost of Solar Panels
If you have decided to install solar panels in your home, then mentally prepare for the following costs:
- Solar Panels: The price will depend upon the material size and type, as mentioned above.
- Inverter: You will need an inverter. Two types are available: a micro-inverter and a string inverter.
- Installation and Hardware Cost: The structure and hardware cost of the solar panel will depend upon your home’s space and the company you are installing it from.
- Additional Cost: You will need to be prepared for extra costs, which may include solar monitoring systems or an upgrade to the property’s electric system to enhance the efficiency of solar panels.
To give you an idea here is cost break up for you:
| Size of your Home | System’s Power Capacity | Number of Panels Installed | Roof Space | Estimated Overall Cost | Potential Savings | Potential Savings after 25 years |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1–2 bedrooms | 3kW panel | 12 | 22 m² | £5,000 | £850 | £21,250 |
| 3–4 bedrooms | 4kW panel | 16 | 29 m² | £6000 | £980 | £27,150 |
| 4–5 bedrooms | 5kW panel | 20 | 32 m² | £8000 | £1460 | £39,550 |
| 5–6 bedrooms | 6kW panel | 24 | 43 m² | £9000 | £1460 | £40,325 |
Factors Affecting the Efficiency of Solar Panels
So far, we have discussed the types of solar panels, material-wise and generation-wise. Also, we have addressed the cost breakdown in detail. But before you make a final decision, here are some general factors to consider before you buy any solar panels:
- Determine the energy needs of your home. By doing this, you will be able to select the appropriate panel size with the capacity to fulfil your energy requirements.
- Consider the weather conditions in your area. Solar panels need exposure to sunlight to generate sufficient energy.
- Evaluate the available space in your home and then choose whether to go for rooftop or ground-mounted panels.
- Lastly, research and choose reputable solar panel providers who provide warranties, quality, and reliable customer service.
What’s Next?
If you still need help determining your energy needs and the type of solar panel you want, we will help you get a quote today from 24|7StayWarm; the process will take up to 2 minutes.
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The information provided in this article has been collected from various sources. However, we suggest you consult local authorities, experienced installers, and legal professionals in your specific area before making any decisions regarding solar panel installation, as every individual’s home situation is unique.
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